Venom

A venom is a chemical of biological origin used by the animal for the purpose of attack or defence. Venoms are made in the animals by specialized apparatus such as modified salivary glands. The venom is then delivered via specialized systems such as stinging cells or fangs (grooved or hollow). Most venoms consist of a complex mixture of chemical substances including proteins, peptides and sugars. Venoms may affect many systems of the body. Common venom effects include paralysis, interference with blood clotting, breakdown of muscle, pain, breakdown of tissues and effects on the cardiorespiratory system (the heart and lungs).