2007

Hobbins, P.G., & Winkel, K.D. (2007) 'The forgotten successes and sacrifices of Charles Kellaway, director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, 1923–1944.' Med. J. Aust. 187: 645–648.

Nair, D.G., Fry, B.G., Alewood, P., Kumar, P.P., Kini, R.M. (2007) 'Antimicrobial activity of Omwaprin, a new member of Waprin family of snake venom proteins.' Biochem. J. , 402: 93-104.

Nimorakiotakis, V. (2007) 'How to treat: snakebite – part one' Rural Doctor, Nov 2007.

Steuten, J., Winkel, K., Carroll, T., Williamson, N.A., Ignjatovic, V., Fung, K., Purcell, A.W. & Fry, B.G. (2007) 'The molecular basis of cross-reactivity in the Australian Snake Venom Detection Kit (SVDK).' Toxicon, in press.

Tibballs, J. and Winkel, K.D. (2007) 'Envenomation syndromes.'In: Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care (4th Ed., D. G. Nichols et al. Eds) Lippincott William & Wilkins (in press).

Williams, D.J., Jensen, S.D., Nimorakiotakis, B., Muller, R. and Winkel, K.D. (2007) 'Antivenom use, premedication and early adverse reactions in the management of snake bites in rural Papua New Guinea.' Toxicon (in press).

Winkel, K.D. (2007) 'Treatment of the first known case of king cobra envenomation in the United Kingdom, complicated by severe anaphylaxis.' Anaesthesia Correspondence Web Site, 20 Feb 2007.

2006

de Pender, A.M., Winkel, K.D. and Ligthelm, R.J. (2006) 'A probable case of Irukandji syndrome in Thailand.' J. Travel Med., 13(4): 240-243.

Fry, B.G., Vidal, N., Norman, J.A., Vonk, F.J., Scheib, H., Ramjan, S.F., Kuruppu, S., Fung, K., Hedges, S.B., Richardson, M.K., Hodgson, W.C., Ignjatovic, V., Summerhayes, R. and Kochva, E. (2006) 'Early evolution of the venom system in lizards and snakes.' Nature, 439(7076): 584-588.

Kuruppu, S., Fry, B.G. and Hodgson, W.C. (2006) 'In vitro neurotoxic and myotoxic effects of the venom from the black whip snake (Demansia papuensis).' Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 33(4): 364-368.

Mirtschin, P.J., Williams, D. J. , Hough, B., Millar, D., Lowe. R.M., Jensen, S., King, I. and Warusam, J (2006) 'The latest additions to Australia's dangerous snakes - the Papuan black snake and the Papuan taipan.' Reptiles Australia, 2 (6): 12-15.

Norton, R.S. and Winkel, K.D. (2006) 'Toxinology in Australia - pioneers to frontiers.' Toxicon, 47: 717.

Pawlak, J., Mackessy, S.P., Fry, B.G., Bhatia, M., Mourier, G., Fruchart-Gaillard, C., Servent, D., Menez, R., Stura, E., Menez, A. and Kini, R.M. (2006) 'Denmotoxin, a three-finger toxin from the colubrid snake Boiga dendrophila (Mangrove catsnake) with bird-specific activity.' J. Biol. Chem., 281(39): 29030-29041.

Pearn, J. and Winkel, K.D. (2006) 'Toxinology in Australia's colonial era: A chronology and perspective of human envenomation in 19th century Australia.' Toxicon, 47: 726-737.

Pung, Y.F., Kumar, S.V., Rajagopalan, N., Fry, B.G., Kumar, P.P. and Kini, R.M. (2006) 'Ohanin, a novel protein from king cobra venom: its cDNA and genomic organization.' Gene, 371(2): 246-256.

Tibballs, J. (2006) 'Australian venomous jellyfish, envenomation syndromes, toxins and therapy.' Toxicon, 47: 830-859.

Tibballs, J. (2006) 'Struan Sutherland - Doyen of envenomation in Australia.' Toxicon, 47: 860-871.

Williams, D., Wüster, W. and Fry, B.G. (2006) 'The good, the bad and the ugly: Australian snake taxonomists and a history of the taxonomy of Australia's venomous snakes.' Toxicon, 47: 919-930.

Winkel, K.D., Mirtschin, P. and Pearn, J. (2006) 'Twentieth century toxinology and antivenom development in Australia.' Toxicon, 47: 738-754.

2005

Barbaro, K.C., Knysak, I., Martins, R., Hogan, C. and Winkel, K. (2005) ‘Enzymatic characterization, antigenic cross-reactivity and neutralization of dermonecrotic activity of five Loxosceles spider venoms of medical importance in the Americas.’ Toxicon, 45 (4): 489-499.

Fry, B.G. (2005) ‘From genome to "venome": Molecular origin and evolution of the snake venom proteome inferred from phylogenetic analysis of toxin sequences and related body proteins’. Genome Res.., 15 (3): 403-420.

Kuruppu, S., Fry, B.G. and Hodgson, W.C. (2005) ‘Presynaptic neuromuscular activity of venom from the brown-headed snake (Glyphodon tristis).’ Toxicon, 45 (3): 383-388.

Li, M., Fry, B.G., Kini, R.M. (2005) ‘Putting the brakes on snake venom evolution: The unique molecular evolutionary patterns of Aipysuras eydouxii (Marbled sea snake) phospholipase A2 toxins’. Mol. Biol. Evol., 22 (4): 934-941.

Li, M., Fry, B.G., Kini, R.M. (2005) ‘Eggs-only diet: Its implications for the toxin profile changes and ecology of the marbled sea snake (Aipysurus eydouxii).’ J. Mol. Evol. 60 (1): 81-89.

Lumsden, N.G., Fry, B.G., Ventura, S., Kini, R.M. and Hodgson, W.C. (2005) Pharmacological characterisation of a neurotoxin from the venom of Boiga dendrophila (Mangrove catsnake).’ Toxicon, 45 (3): 329-334.

Ramasamy, S., Fry, B.G. and Hodgson, W.C. (2005) ‘Neurotoxic effects of venoms from seven species of australasian black snakes (Pseudechis): Efficacy of black and tiger snake antivenoms.’ Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 32 (1-2): 7-12.

Rogers, I.R. and Winkel, K.D. (2005) 'Struan Sutherland's "Rationalisation of first-aid measures for elapid snakebite" - a commentary.' Wilderness Environ. Med., 16(3): 160-163.

Tibballs, J. (2005) ‘Fresh frozen plasma after brown snake bite - Helpful or harmful?’ Anaesth. & Int. Care, 33 (1): 13-15.

Westhoff, G., Fry, B.G. and Bleckmann, H. (2005) 'Sea snakes (Lapemis curtus) are sensitive to low-amplitude water motions.' Zoology (Jena), 108(3): 195-200.

Winkel, K.D., Tibballs, J., Molenaar, P., Lambert, G., Coles, P., Ross-Smith, M., Wiltshire, C., Fenner, P.J., Gershwin, L.A., Hawdon, G.M., Wright, C.E. and Angus, J.A. (2006) 'Cardiovascular actions of the venom from the Irukandji (Carukia barnesi) jellyfish: effects in human, rat and guinea-pig tissues in vitro and in pigs in vitro.' Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 32(9): 777-788.

Wüster, W., Dumbrell, A.J., Hay, C., Pook, C.E., Williams, D.J. and Fry, B.G. (2005) ‘Snakes across the Strait: trans-Torresian phylogeographic relationships in three genera of Australasian snakes (Serpentes : Elapidae : Acanthophis, Oxyuranus, and Pseudechis).’ Mol. Phylo. Evol. 34 (1): 1-14.

2004

Cheng, A.C. and Winkel, K.D. (2004) ‘Antivenom efficacy, safety and availability: measuring smoke’. Med. J. Aust. , 180 (1): 5-6.

Chetty, N., Du, A., Hodgson, W.C., Winkel, K. and Fry, B.G. (2004) ‘The in vitro neuromuscular activity of Indo-Pacific sea-snake venoms: efficacy of two commercially available antivenoms’. Toxicon, 44 (2): 193-200.

Fry, B.G. and Wüster, W. (2004) ‘Assembling an arsenal: Origin and evolution of the snake venom proteome inferred from phylogenetic analysis of toxin sequences.’ Mol. Biol. Evol., 21 (5): 870-883.

Hogan, C.J., Barbaro, K.C. and Winkel, K. (2004) ‘Loxoscelism: Old obstacles, new directions’. Ann. Emerg. Med., 44 (6): 608-624.

Lumsden, N.G., Fry, B.G., Kini, R.M., Hodgson, W.C. (2004) ‘In vitro neuromuscular activity of 'colubrid' venoms: clinical and evolutionary implications Toxicon 43 (7): 819-827.

McGain, F., Limbo, A., Williams, D.J., Didei, G. and Winkel, K.D. (2004) ‘Snakebite mortality at Port Moresby General Hospital, Papua New Guinea, 1992-2001’. Med. J. Aust., 181 (11-12): 687-691.

Nevalainen, T.J., Peuravuori, H.J., Quinn, R.J., Llewellyn, L.E., Benzie, J.A.H., Fenner, P.J. and Winkel, K.D. (2004) ‘Phospholipase A2 in Cnidaria’. Comp. Biochem. & Physiol. B: Biochem. & Mol. Biol., 139 (4): 731-735.

2003

Fry, B.G., Lumsden, N.G., Wüster, W., Wickramaratna, J.C., Hodgson, W.C., Kini, R.M. (2003) ‘Isolation of a neurotoxin (alpha colubritoxin) from a nonvenomous colubrid: Evidence for early origin of venom in snakes.’ J. Mol. Evol., 57 (4): 446-452.

Fry, B.G., Winkel, K.D., Wickramaratna, J.C., Hodgson, W.C. and Wüster, W. (2003) ‘Effectiveness of snake antivenom: Species and regional venom variation and its clinical impact’. J. Toxicol. - Toxin Rev. 22 (1): 23-34.

Fry, B.G., Wüster, W., Kini, R.M., Brusic, V., Khan, A., Venkataraman, D. and Rooney, A.P. (2003) ‘Molecular evolution and phylogeny of elapid snake venom three-finger toxins.’ J. Mol. Evol., 57 (1): 110-129.

Fry, B.G., Wüster, W., Ramjan, S.F.R., Jackson, T., Martelli, P. and Kini, R.M. (2003) ‘Analysis of Colubroidea snake venoms by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry: evolutionary and toxinological implications.’ Rapid Comm. Mass Spect., 17 (18): 2047-2062.

Hodgson, W.C., Eriksson, C.O., Alewood, P.F. and Fry, B.G. (2003) ‘Comparison of the in vitro neuromuscular activity of venom from three Australian snakes (Hoplocephalus stephensi, Austrelaps superbus and Notechis scutatus): Efficacy of tiger snake antivenom.’ Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 30 (3): 127-132.

Tibballs, J., Kuruppu, S., Hodgson, W.C., Carroll, T., Hawdon, G., Sourial, M., Baker, T. and Winkel, K. (2003) ‘Cardiovascular, haematological and neurological effects of the venom of the Papua New Guinean small-eyed snake (Micropechis ikaheka) and their neutralisation with CSL polyvalent and black snake antivenoms’. Toxicon, 42 (6): 647-655.

Wickramaratna, J.C., Fry, B.G., Aguilar, M.I., Kini, R.M., Hodgson, W.C. (2003) ‘Isolation and pharmacological characterisation of a phospholipase A2 myotoxin from the venom of the Irian Jayan death adder (Acanthophis rugosus).

Brit. J. Pharmacol. , 138 (2): 333-342.

Wickramaratna, J.C., Fry, B.G. and Hodgson, W.C. (2003) ‘Species-dependent variations in the in vitro myotoxicity of death adder (Acanthophis) venoms.’ Toxicol. Sci. , 74 (2): 352-360.

Wickramaratna, J.C., Fry, B.G., Loiacono, R.E., Aguilar, M.I., Alewood, P.F. and Hodgson, W.C. (2004) ‘Isolation and characterization at cholinergic nicotinic receptors of a neurotoxin from the venom of the Acanthophis sp. Seram death adder.’ Biochem. Pharmacol., 68 (2): 383-394.

Winkel, K.D., Hawdon, G.M., Fenner, P.J., Gershwin, L.A., Collins, A.G. and Tibballs, J. (2003) ‘Jellyfish antivenoms: Past, present, and future’. J. Toxicol. - Toxin Rev. , 22 (1): 115-127.

2002

Fry, B.G., Wickramaratna, J.C., Hodgson, W.C., Alewood, P.F., Kini, R.M., Ho, H. and Wüster, W. (2002) ‘Electrospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry fingerprinting of Acanthophis (death adder) venoms: taxonomic and toxinological implications.’ Rapid Comm. Mass Spect. ,16 (6): 600-608.

McGain, F. and Winkel, K.D. (2002) ‘Ant sting mortality in Australia’. Toxicon, 40 (8): 1095-1100.

Mirtschin, P. and Tibballs, J. (2002) ‘Obituary - Passing of Professor Struan Sutherland’. Toxicon, 40 (7): 1075-1076.

Taylor, D.M., Ashby, K. and Winkel, K.D. (2002) ‘An analysis of marine animal injuries presenting to emergency departments in Victoria, Australia’. Wilderness & Environ Med., 13 (2): 106-112.

Tibballs, J. and Monagle, P. (2002) ‘Tiger snake envenomation and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).’ Pathology, 34 (5): 481-482.

Winkel, K.D., Hawdon, G.M., Ashby, K. and Ozanne-Smith, J. (2002) ‘Eye injury after jellyfish sting in temperate Australia’. Wilderness & Environ Med. , 13 (3): 203-205.

2001

Cheng, A.C. and Winkel, K.D. (2001) ‘Call for global snake-bite control and procurement funding’. Lancet, 357 (9262): 1132-1132.

Cheng, A.C. and Winkel, K.D. (2001) ‘Snakebite and antivenoms in the Asia-Pacific: wokabaut wantaim, raka hebou ("walking together")’. Med. J. Aust. , 175 (11-12): 648-651.

McGain, F., Harrison, J.E. and Winkel, K.D. (2001) ‘Wasp sting mortality in Australia: one further case.’ Med. J. Aust. , 174 (5): 255-256.

Tibballs, J., Hawdon, G. and Winkel, K. (2001) ‘Pressure immobilisation bandages in first-aid treatment of jellyfish envenomation: current recommendations reconsidered’. Med. J. Aust. , 174 (12): 666.

Tibballs, J., Hawdon, G. and Winkel, K. (2001) ‘Mechanism of cardiac failure in Irukandji syndrome and first aid treatment for stings’. Anaesth. & Int. Care, 29 (5): 552.

Winkel, K.D. (2001) ‘Strychnine, ammonia and gunpowder for snakebite - the end of an era’. Med. J. Aust., 174 (11): 607.

Winkel, K.D. (2001) ‘Anaphylaxis associated with the same batch of tiger-snake antivenom - Comment’. Med. J. Aust. , 174 (11): 609-610.

Young, A.R. and Pincus, S.J. (2001) ‘Comparison of enzymatic activity from three species of necrotising arachnids in Australia: Loxosceles rufescens, Badumna insignis and Lampona cylindrata.’ Toxicon, 39 (2-3): 391-400.

2000

McGain, F., Harrison, J. and Winkel, K.D. (2000) ‘Wasp sting mortality in Australia.’ Med. J. Aust., 173 (4): 198-200.

Wiltshire, C.J., Sutherland, S.K., Fenner, P.J. and Young, A.R. (2000) ‘Optimization and preliminary characterization of venom isolated from 3 medically important jellyfish: the box (Chironex fleckeri), Irukandji (Carukia barnesi), and blubber (Catostylus mosaicus) jellyfish.’ Wilderness Environ. Med., 11 (4): 241-250.

Winkel, K.D. (2000) ‘Acute and recurrent skin ulceration after spider bite - In reply.’ Med. J. Aust. , 172 (6): 304-304.

Winkel, K.D., Hawdon, G. and Carroll, T. (2006) 'Mis-diagnosis of brown snake bite?' Crit. Care Resusc., 2(2):161-2.

1999

Cheng, A.C., Winkel, K.D., Hawdon, G.M., and McDonald, M. (1999) ‘Irukandji-like syndrome in Victoria.’ Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 29 (6): 835-835.

Harrington, A.P., Raven, R.J., Bowe, P.C., Hawdon, G.M., and Winkel, K.D. (1999) ‘Funnel-web spider (Hadronyche infensa) envenomations in coastal south-east Queensland.’ Med. J. Aust. , 171 (11-12): 651-653.

Pincus, S.J., Winkel, K.D., Hawdon, G.M. and Sutherland, S.K. (1999) ‘Acute and recurrent skin ulceration after spider bite.’ Med. J. Aust., 171 (2): 99-102.

Sutherland, S.K. (1999) ‘Concern over the choice of antivenom for "false king brown snake" bites and a plea for a name change.’ Med. J. Aust., 170 (4): 187-187.

Sutherland, S.K. (1999) ‘A life-threatening anaphylactoid reaction to polyvalent antivenom despite pre-treatment.’ Med. J. Aust. , 170 (2): 92-92.

Torres, A.M., Wang, X.H., Fletcher, J.I., Alewood, D., Alewood, P.F., Smith, R., Simpson, R.J., Nicholson, G.M., Sutherland, S.K., Gallagher, C.H., King, G.F. and Kuchel, P.W. (1999) ‘Solution structure of a defensin-like peptide from platypus venom.’ Biochem. J. , 341: 785-794 (Pt 3).

Winkel, K.D. (1999) ‘Caution regarding Bier's block technique for redback spider bite.’ Med. J. Aust., 171 (4): 220-220.

Winkel, K.D., Hawdon, G.M. (1999) ‘Pressure immobilization for neurotoxic snake bites.’ Ann. Emerg. Med., 34 (2): 294-295.

1998

Bell, K.L., Sutherland, S.K. and Hodgson, W.C. (1998) ‘Some pharmacological studies of venom from the inland taipan (Oxyuranus microlepidotus) Toxicon, 36 (1): 63-74.

South, M., Wirth, P. and Winkel, K.D. (1998) ‘Redback spider antivenom used to treat envenomation by a juvenile Steatoda spider.’ Med. J. Aust., 169 (11-12): 642.

Tibballs, J., Hawdon, G.M., Pincus, S.J. and Winkel, K.D. (1998) ‘Severe tiger snake envenomation in a wilderness environment.’ Med. J. Aust., 169 (4): 228-229.

Tibballs, J., Williams D. and Sutherland, S.K. (1998) ‘The effects of antivenom and verapamil on the haemodynamic actions of Chironex fleckeri (box jellyfish) venom.’ Anaesth. & Int. Care, 26 (1): 40-45.

1997

Hopkins B.J., Hodgson, W.C., Sutherland, S.K. (1997) ‘An in vitro pharmacological examination of venom from the soldierfish Gymnapistes marmoratus.’ Toxicon, 35 (7): 1101-1111.

Levick, N.R., Winkel, K.D. and Smith, G. (1997) ‘European wasps: an emerging hazard in Australia.’ Med. J. Aust., 167 (11-12): 650-651.

1996

Donovan, G.R., Street, M.D., Tetaz, T., Smith, A.I., Alewood, D., Alewood, P., Sutherland, S.K. and Baldo, B.A. (1996) ‘Expression of jumper ant (Myrmecia pilosula) venom allergens: Post-translational processing of allergen gene products.’ Biochem Mol. Biol. Internat., 39 (5): 877-885.

Hopkins, B.J., Hodgson, W.C. and Sutherland, S.K. (1996) ‘Evidence for adrenergic and tachykinin activity in venom of the stonefish (Synanceja trachynis).’ Toxicon, 34 (5): 541-554.

1995

Sutherland, S.K. (1995) ‘Pressure immobilization for snakebite in Southern Africa remains speculative.’ S. Afr. Med. J., 85 (10): 1039-1040.

1994

Sutherland, S.K. (1994) ‘The pressure immobilization technique.’ Med. J. Aust., 161 (11-12): 700-701.

Sutherland, S.K. (1994) ‘Antiovenom research in Australia.’ Med. J. Aust., 161 (1): 48-50.

Sutherland, S.K. and Leonard, R.L. (1995) ‘Snakebite deaths in Australia 1992-1994 and a management update.’ Med. J. Aust. , 163 (11-12): 616-618.

Last updated: August 2005