Halford, George Britton (1824 - 1910)

George Britton Halford was the inaugural head of the first medical school in Australia in 1862. The school was located at the University of Melbourne where Halford was also appointed professor of anatomy, physiology and pathology. Then in 1876 when the Melbourne University Faculty of Medicine was created, Halford was elected dean. He held this position initially until to 1886 and again from 1890 to 1896. Halford officially retired in 1903.

Halford was one of the most controversial figures in venom research. He proposed a germ theory for snakebite envenomation and introduced the use of intravenous ammonia injections as treatment.

In the early 1880s, close to two hundred students were studying medicine at Melbourne University, but Halford was still the only full-time lecturer in the medical school, the sole lecturer in anatomy and the curator of the anatomy and pathology museums. He also examined matriculation and arts students in French. This workload had become unbearable, and Halford needed to share his duties. So in 1882 he established a Chair of Physiology and a Chair of Descriptive and Surgical Anatomy and Pathology. He was appointed Chair of Physiology and remained in this post until 1896.

George Halford was hand picked for the newly-created position of professor of anatomy, physiology and pathology at the University of Melbourne, and arrived in Melbourne in December 1862. Professors Richard Owen, a comparative anatomist, and James Paget, a physiologist from the Grosvenor Place School of Medicine in London where Halford was working had thought Halford to be "one of the most distinguished experimental physiologists of the day" for his research work on the mechanisms and sounds of the heart. He brought with him specimens for the anatomy museum and books for the medical library. By 1871 he was president of the Professorial Board of the University of Melbourne.

Halford had limited time for research, but did study snake envenomation between 1865 and 1875. While working as house surgeon at Westminster Hospital earlier in his career, Halford had treated a snakebite patient. The man survived the crude treatment which included applying leeches to his throat. In Melbourne, Halford examined at least one deceased snakebite victim and conducted microscopic studies and animal experiments before proposing a germ theory of envenomation. According to this theory, snake venoms expel molecules of living matter that enter the bloodstream and, unless promptly deactivated, multiply rapidly, consuming the oxygen needed by the body's cells and resulting in coma and death. This theory was rejected by a number of Halford's colleagues in Australia, causing him to eventually modify his theory.

While in Melbourne, Halford advocated treating snake bite victims with intravenous injections of ammonia, an approach that was hailed in the late-1860s as a great discovery by some doctors but considered dangerous by others. In the mid-1870s, the Indian Snake Poisoning Commission and a Committee of the Medical Society of Victoria each conducted a detailed series of experiments that demonstrated ammonia treatment of snakebite was not helpful in any way.

Some years after Halford's death in 1910, his family established the Halford Oration in his memory. From 1828 to 1947 the lectures were delivered at the Institute of Anatomy, Canberra. Thereafter the lectures were transferred to the University of Melbourne where they have continued to be presented ever since.

Owner

• Ammonia - Subcutaneous or intravenous injection, Outdated treatment

Related Treatments

• Treatment - historical, cultural, outdated

Books

• Calmette, A., Venoms, Venomous Animals and Antivenomous Serum - Therapeutics, Translated from the French by E.E. Austen, John Bale, Sons and Danielsson, London, 1908, xvi + 403 pp. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., The Thanatophidia of India Being a Description of the Venomous Snakes of the Indian Peninsula, With an Account of the Influence of Their Poison on Life and a Series of Experiments, J. & A. Churchill, London, 1872, 156 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Thoughts, Observations, and Experiments on the Action of Snake Venom on the Blood With an Appendix, Stillwell & Co., Melbourne, 1894, 71 pp. [ Details... ]
• Hoplet, C. C., Snakes : Curiosities and Wonders of Serpent Life, Griffith and Farran, London. [ Details... ]
• Richards, V., The Land-Marks of Snake-Poison Literature, Being a Review of the More Important Researches Into the Nature of Snake-Poisons, First edn, D.M. Traill, Calcutta, 1885, vii + 191 pp. [ Details... ]
• Richards, V., The Land-Marks of Snake-Poison Literature, Being a Review of the More Important Researches Into the Nature of Snake-Poisons, Second edn, Thacker Spink & Co., Calcutta, 1886, vii + 191 pp. [ Details... ]
• The Commission, Report on the Effects 0f Artificial Respiration, Intravenous Injection of Ammonia and Administration of Various Drugs, Etc., in Indian and Australian Snake-Poisoning and the Physiological Chemical and Microscopical Nature of Snake Poisons by the Commission Appointed to Investigate the Subject, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1874, 1xxvii + 77 pp. [ Details... ]

Book Sections

• Nicholson, E., in Indian Snakes. An Elementary Treatise on Ophiology with a Descriptive Catalogue of the Snakes Found in India and the Adjoining Countries, Second edn, Higgin-botham and Co., Madras, 1893, p. 150, 159. [ Details... ]
• Nicols, A., in Zoological Notes on the Structure, Affinities, Habits, and Mental Faculties of Wild and Domestic Animals; with Anecdotes Concerning and Adventures Among Them; and Some Account of Their Fossil Representatives, L. Upcott Gill, London, 1883, pp. 7-8, 44-45. [ Details... ]

Journal Articles

• 'The Reputed Cure of Snake-Bite', Lancet, vol. 1, p. 407. [ Details... ]
• 'Review: The New Treatment of Snake-bite With Plain Directions For Injecting, by G.B. Halford', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, pp. 189-191. [ Details... ]
• 'Important Cures of Snake-bite', British Medical Journal, vol. 1, pp. 104-105. [ Details... ]
• 'The Poison of the Cobra', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 12, 1867, pp. 153-155. [ Details... ]
• 'Poison of the Cobra-Di-Capella', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 2, 1867, p. 124. [ Details... ]
• '[Title not recorded]', Calcutta Journal of Medicine, vol. 1, 1868, p. 121. [ Details... ]
• 'Poisoning from Snakebites', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1868, p. 47. [ Details... ]
• 'The Melbourne Snake Bite', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 2, 1868, p. 219. [ Details... ]
• 'The Medical Society and Dr. Halford's Treatment of Snake-Bites', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, p. 76. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford and the Injection of Ammonia Into the Veins in Opium Poisoning', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, pp. 201-202. [ Details... ]
• 'New Books With Short Critiques', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 2, 1869, p. 616. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford on the Treatment of Snake-Poisoning', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, p. 251. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Treatment of Snakebite', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, p. 123. [ Details... ]
• 'Testimonial to Professor Halford', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, p. 270. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Experiments on Snake-Poisoning', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, pp. 54-55. [ Details... ]
• 'Snake-Bites', Lancet, vol. 1, 1869, p. 215. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Treatment of Snakebite', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, p. 227. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford and the Treatment of Snake-Poison', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, pp. 264-265. [ Details... ]
• 'The Blood in Snake Poisoning', British Medical Journal, vol. 1, 1869, p. 81. [ Details... ]
• 'Treatment of Snake-bites', British Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1869, p. 422. [ Details... ]
• 'Treatment of Snake-bites', British Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1869, p. 684. [ Details... ]
• 'The "Lancet", on Professor Halford's "Discoveries"', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 207-208. [ Details... ]
• 'Injection of Ammonia Into the Veins', Lancet, vol. 1, 1870, p. 505. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's "Discoveries"', Lancet, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 342-343. [ Details... ]
• 'Ammonia in Treatment of Snake-Bites', British Medical Journal, vol. 1, 1870, p. 123. [ Details... ]
• 'Injection of Ammonia Into the Veins', British Medical Journal, vol. 1, 1870, p. 254. [ Details... ]
• 'Testimonial to Dr. Halford', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 46-47. [ Details... ]
• 'The Ammonia Cure For Snake-bite', British Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1870, p. 224. [ Details... ]
• 'Discoveries at Melbourne', Lancet, vol. 1, 1870, pp. 456-457. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Treatment of Snake-Bite', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1870, p. 379. [ Details... ]
• 'Cure of Snake-Bite by Dr. Halford's Remedy', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1870, p. 457. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Testimonial', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1870, p. 556. [ Details... ]
• 'Cure of Snake Bite by Professor Halford's Plan of Treatment', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, p. 83. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Treatment of Snake Bites', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, p. 228. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford and His Claims', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 103-104. [ Details... ]
• 'Discoveries at Melbourne', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, p. 86. [ Details... ]
• 'Ammonia and Snake-bite', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, p. 82. [ Details... ]
• 'The "Lancet" on Ammoniacal Injection in Snake-Bite', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1871, pp. 139-140. [ Details... ]
• 'Parturiunt Montes; Nascitur Ridiculus Mus', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1871, pp. 91-93. [ Details... ]
• 'Testimonial to Dr Halford', British Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1871, p. 74. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford on Snake-Bite', Lancet, vol. 1, 1871, p. 584. [ Details... ]
• 'Testimonial to Professor Halford', Lancet, vol. 2, 1871, p. 110. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford and the Treatment of Snake-Bite', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 2, 1871, pp. 161-162. [ Details... ]
• 'Snake Poison in Australia', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1871, p. 346. [ Details... ]
• 'More Snake-Bite Cures by Halford's Remedy', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1871, p. 268. [ Details... ]
• '[Title not recorded]', British Medical Journal, vol. 1, 1872, p. 17. [ Details... ]
• 'Snake Poisoning', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 7, 1872, p. 139. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Treatment of Snake-Bite', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1873, pp. 445-446. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford's Researches', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 19, 1874, p. 285. [ Details... ]
• 'History of the Injection of Ammonia Into the Veins in Snake Bites Before Professor Halford's So-called Discovery', Melbourne Medical Record, vol. 4, 1875, pp. 319-320. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford and the Indian Commission on Snake Bites', Melbourne Medical Record, vol. 4, 1875, p. 2. [ Details... ]
• 'The Indian Commission on Snake-Poisoning', Melbourne Medical Record, vol. 4, 1875, pp. 4-5. [ Details... ]
• 'The Medical Society and Professor Halford's "Discovery"', Melbourne Medical Record, vol. 4, 1875, pp. 33-34. [ Details... ]
• 'Professor Halford Revived', Melbourne Medical Record, vol. 4, 1875, pp. 271-272. [ Details... ]
• 'Medical Society of Victoria', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 20, 1875, pp. 65-135. [ Details... ]
• 'Report of the Special Committee on the Subject of Snake-Poisoning', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 21, 1876, pp. 104-132. [ Details... ]
• 'Reviews. Thoughts, Observations and Experiments on the Action of Snake Venom on the Blood, With an Appendix. by George Britton Halford, M.D., Professor of Physiology in The University of Melbourne. Melbourne, Stillwell and Co., 1894', Australasian Medical Gazette, vol. 13, 1894, pp. 356-357. [ Details... ]
• 'Strychnine as an Antidote to Cobra Poison', British Medical Journal, vol. 1, 1895, pp. 884-885. [ Details... ]
• Bancroft, T. L., 'On Snakebite', Australasian Medical Gazette, vol. 12, 1893, pp. 43-45. [ Details... ]
• Bowen, T. A., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 20, 1875, pp. 66-130. [ Details... ]
• Brunton, T. L., 'Halford on Injection of Ammonia in Cases of Snake-Bite or Collapse from Injury', Lond. Med. Rec., vol. 1, 1873, p. 317. [ Details... ]
• Campbell, C. H., 'Professor Halford's Germ Theory of Snake Poisoning', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 1, 1966, pp. 552-555. [ Details... ]
• Campbell, C. H., 'Professor Halford's New Treatment of Snake Bite With the Injection of Ammonia Into the Veins', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 1, 1966, pp. 1008-1015. [ Details... ]
• Cockle, J., 'Snake-poison', Lancet, vol. 2, 1868, p. 132. [ Details... ]
• Day, J., 'Presidential Address to the Medical Society of Victoria', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 22, 1877, pp. 5-9. [ Details... ]
• Dowling, F. J., 'Professor Halford's Intra-venous Injection of Ammonia', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 20, 1875, pp. 82-84. [ Details... ]
• Eccles, T. H., 'Professor Halford's Intra-venous Injection of Ammonia', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 20, 1875, pp. 84-85. [ Details... ]
• Ellery, R. L. J., 'Anniversary Address of the President', Trans. Proceedings of the Society, vol. 9, 1868, pp. 1-21. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Action of the Cobra Poison', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1868, pp. 74-75. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'Experiments on the Influence of Snake-Poison', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1868, pp. 217-219,241-246,265-267. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'Experiments on the Influence of Snake-Poison', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, pp. 194-196, 277-279. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'Experiments on the Influence of Snake Poison and on the Injection of Liquor Ammoniae Into the Venous Circulation as an Antidote', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 4, 1869, pp. 129-132. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Action of the Cobra Poison', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 1, 1869, pp. 132-134. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Action of the Cobra Poison', Edinburgh Medical Journal, vol. 15, 1869-70, p. 417, 620, 805. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Action of the Cobra Poison', Edinburgh Medical Journal, vol. 15, 1870, p. 994. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Action of the Cobra Poison', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 86-67, 106, 128-130. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Influence of the Poison of Bungarus Coeruleus or Krait', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 5, 1870, pp. 181-182. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'On the Action of the Cobra Poison', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1871, pp. 17-18, 72-75. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., 'The Ammonia Treatment of Snake-Poisoning', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1874, pp. 601-602. [ Details... ]
• Fayrer, J., Cunningham, D. D. and Sceva, M. R., 'Experiments on the Influence of Snake-Poison on the Blood of Animals', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 4, 1869, pp. 249-250. [ Details... ]
• Francis, C. R., 'On the Action of Cobra poison', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1868, pp. 73-74. [ Details... ]
• Gerrard, J., 'Snake-Poison and Its Alleged Antidotes', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 27-28. [ Details... ]
• Girdlestone, T. M., '[Tirle not recorded]', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 20, 1876, p. 133. [ Details... ]
• Girdlestone, T. M., Australian Medical Journal, vol. 21, 1876, pp. 134-135. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 21, p. 158. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Venomous Bites', Lancet, vol. 2, 1857, p. 181. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'On the Conditions of the Blood After Death from Snake-Bite, as a Probable Clue to the Further Study of Zymotic Diseases, and of Cholera Especially', Trans. Proceedings of the Society Vict, vol. 8, 1867, pp. 73-94. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Experiments on the Poison of the Cobra-Di-Capella', British Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1867, pp. 43-44. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Further Observations on the Condition of the Blood After Death from Snake-Bite', Trans. Proceedings of the Society Vict., vol. 8, 1867, pp. 271-273. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Further Observations on the Condition of the Blood After Death from Snake-Bite', British Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1867, p. 563. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 12, 1867, p. 359. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Further Observations on Snake-Poisoning', Trans. Proceedings of the Society Vict., vol. 9, 1868, pp. 85-87. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Injection of Ammonia in Snake Poisoning', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 13, 1868, pp. 390-392. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'On a Pair of Scissors For the Excision of Snake-Bite', Trans. Proceedings of the Society Vict., vol. 9, 1868, p. 47. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'On the Injection of Ammonia Into the Circulation', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 14, 1869, pp. 100-105. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'The Treatment of Snake-Bite in Victoria', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 15, 1870, pp. 161-172. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Ammonia Injection in Snake-Bite', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 2, 1870, p. 6. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Tabular List of Cases of Snake-Bite Treated by the Injection of Liquor Ammoniae', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 15, 1870, p. 5. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'On the Injection of Ammonia Into the Veins', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 16, 1871, pp. 97-103. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Further Observations on the Direct Injection of Ammonia', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 17, 1872, pp. 378-386. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Snake-Poisoning and Its Treatment', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 20, 1873, pp. 90-91, 170-171, 224-226, 323-324, 461-463, 575-577. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'The Treatment of Snake-Poisoning', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1874, pp. 53-54. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'Du Traitement Des Morsures De Serpents Venimeux Par Les Injections Intra-Veineuses d'Ammoniaque', Bull. Gin. Ther. Med. Chir., vol. 87, 1874, pp. 258-271. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 21, 1876, p. 132. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 21, 1876, pp. 139-140. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 21, 1876, p. 151. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 21, 1876, pp. 155-156. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., '[Title not recorded]', The Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 21, 1876, p. 156. [ Details... ]
• MacGillivary, P. H., 'On a Case of Leucocythemia', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 13, 1868, pp. 161-164. [ Details... ]
• Mitchell, S. W., 'Experimental Contributions to the Toxicology of Rattle-Snake Venom', N.Y. Med. J., vol. 6, 1868, pp. 289-322. [ Details... ]
• Moore, W. J., 'A Case of Snake-Bite', Indian Medical Gazette, vol. 3, 1868, p. 103. [ Details... ]
• Mueller, A., 'Discoursive Notes on Snake Poison and the Strychnine Treatment', Indian Med. Rec. (The Indian Journal of Medical Research?), vol. 7, 1894, pp. 292-294. [ Details... ]
• Mueller, A., 'Discoursive Notes on Snake Poison and the Strychnine Treatment', Indian Med. Rec. (The Indian Journal of Medical Research?), vol. 6, 1894, pp. 135-136, 299-301. [ Details... ]
• Pringle, G. H., 'The Blood in Snake-Poisoning', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 13, 1868, pp. 285-286. [ Details... ]
• Pringle, G. H., 'Suggestions as to the Nature and Treatment of Snake-Bite, and, Incidentally, of Cholera', N.S.W. Med. Gaz., vol. 1, 1871, pp. 291-294. [ Details... ]
• Ralph, T. S., 'Observations on the Action of Snake Poison on the Blood', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 12, 1867, pp. 353-361. [ Details... ]
• Richards, V., 'Snake-Poisoning - Antidotes. The Nature of Snake-Poison, and Its Action on the Blood', Indian Ann. Med. Sci., vol. 15, 1872, pp. 163-176. [ Details... ]
• Richards, V., 'The Treatment of Snake-Bite by Intravenous Injection of Ammonia', Medical Times and Gazette, vol. 1, 1873, p. 639. [ Details... ]
• Rigby, G. O., 'Ammoniacal Injection in Snake-Bite', Australian Medical Gazette, vol. 2, 1870, pp. 7-8. [ Details... ]
• Scott, W., 'Professor Halford's Intra-Venous Injection of Ammonia', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 20, 1875, pp. 95-97. [ Details... ]
• Thomas, D. J., 'Professor Halford and the Medical Society', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 12, 1867, pp. 219-220. [ Details... ]
• Thomas, D. J., '(Title not recorded)', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 15, 1870, p. 174. [ Details... ]
• Wuth, E. M., 'A Suggestion as tothe Modern Treatment of Snake Poisoning', Australian Medical Journal, vol. 5, N. S., 1883, pp. 60-64. [ Details... ]

Newspaper Articles

• Successful Treatment of Snake-Bite, The Argus, 2 December 1868, 5 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Argus, 18 November 1868, 5 pp. [ Details... ]
• Snake Poisoning, The Age, 11 December 1868, 3 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Argus, 21 October 1869, 5 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Australasian, 27 May 1871, 658 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Daily Telegraph, Melbourne, 17 May 1871, 2 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Argus, 20 May 1871, 1 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Age, May 17 1871, 2 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Age, March 18 1875, 3 pp. [ Details... ]
• The Medical Society and the Ammonia Remedy, The Australasian, 27 March 1875, 401 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Daily Telegraph, Melbourne, 19 March 1876, 2 pp. [ Details... ]
• [Title not recorded], The Daily Telegraph, Melbourne, 8 April 1876, 4 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Professor Halford's Experiment on Snake-Poisoning, The Argus, 7 November 1868, 6 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Liquid Ammonia as a Snake-Poison Antidote, The Argus, 18 November 1868, 7 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., The New Remedy For Snake-Poisoning, The Argus, 21 December 1868, 5 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., The New Remedy For Snake-Poisoning, The Argus, 31 December 1868, 5 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., White Corpuscles of Blood or Germ Cells, The Australasian, 22 February 1868, 251-252 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., The Remedy for Snake-Bite, The Argus, 30 January 1869, 6 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Professor Halford on the Treatment of Snake-Bite, The Argus, 17 November 1869, 1 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Cure of Snake-Bite by the Injection of Ammonia, The Argus, 6 May 1870, 6 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Professor Halford, The Daily Telegraph, 20 May 1871, 3 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., The Uses of Ammonia in Snake-Bite, The Daily Telegraph, 23 May 1871, 3 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Snake Poison and Injection of Ammonia, The Argus, 18 January 1871, 6 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Professor Halford's Treatment of Snake-Bite, The Argus, 20 March 1875, 5 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., Snake-Bite Cures, The Argus, 14 March 1892, 6 pp. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., The New Cure For Snakebite, The Argus, 15 January 1897, 7 pp. [ Details... ]
• Kalford, G. B., Experiments on the Poison of the Cobra-Di-Capella, The Argus, 26 April 1867, 6 pp. [ Details... ]
• Richards, V., Snake Poison. Mr. Wooldridge and the Medical Society, The Daily Telegraph, 23 September 1876, 3 pp. [ Details... ]
• The Medical Society of Victoria, [Title not recorded], The Daily Telegraph, Melbourne, 21 October 1869, 2 pp. [ Details... ]
• Willoughby, H., (Title not recorded), The Argus, 15 March 1892, 5 pp. [ Details... ]

Pamphlets

• 'Pamphlet No. 88', Mitchell Library, Canberra. [ Details... ]
• Halford, G. B., 'The New Treatment of Snake-Bite with Plain Directions for Injecting', Stillwell & Knight, Melbourne, 1869, p. 16. [ Details... ]